curl初了解

[Weidong]

以下内容为查看官网做的简单翻译，后边内容因没有具体环境测试，说明较少。

curl

官网Using cURL to automate HTTP jobs:

HTTP Scripting

See thr Protocol基本示例

curl --trace-ascii bai.txt http://www.baidu.com

以上命令现实curl通过send和receive获取到的EVERYTHING,保存到当前目录下的bad.txt文件（会自动创建）

如需要添加time,可通过:

curl --trace-ascii du.txt --trace-time http://www.baidu.com

默认情况curl的返回会是命令行的stdout，可以使用-o或-O来实现输出：

curl -o fileName  www.baidu.com

URL

Spec

URL(Uniform Resource Locator)描述如何能在互联网中获取特定资源(how you specify the address of a particular resource on the Internet. ).比如例子：http://www.baidu.com

And yeah, the formal name is not URL, it is URI.

Fetch a page

GET

curl https://www.baidu.com

POST

curl --data name=curl http://www.baidu.com

HTML forms

GET

 <form method="GET" action="junk.cgi">
 <input type=text name="birthyear">
 <input type=submit name=press value="OK">
 </form>

If the original form was seen on the page "www.hotmail.com/when/birth.html", the second page you'll get will become "www.hotmail.com/when/junk.cgi?birthyear=1905&press=OK".

curl "http://www.hotmail.com/when/junk.cgi?birthyear=1905&press=OK"

POST

 <form method="POST" action="junk.cgi">
 <input type=text name="birthyear">
 <input type=submit name=press value=" OK ">
 </form>

curl --data "birthyear=1905&press=%20OK%20"  http://www.example.com/when.cgi

File Upload POST

<form method="POST" enctype='multipart/form-data' action="upload.cgi">
 <input type=file name=upload>
 <input type=submit name=press value="OK">
</form>

curl --form upload=@localfilename --form press=OK [URL]

Hidden Fields

<form method="POST" action="foobar.cgi">
 <input type=text name="birthyear">
 <input type=hidden name="person" value="daniel">
 <input type=submit name="press" value="OK">
</form>

页面内已经有了隐藏字段，默认填了内容，可通过以下post:

curl --data "birthyear=1905&press=OK&person=daniel" [URL]

HTTP upload

PUT

Put a file to a HTTP server with curl:

curl --upload-file uploadfile http://www.baidu.com

HTTP Authentication认证

基本认证 Basic Authentication

curl使用user and password作为认证

curl --user name:paddword http://www.example.com

其他认证 Other Authentication

通过服务器头部返回，可得知需要的不同认证方法，通过--ntml,--digest,--negotiate... 选项认证

代理认证 Proxy Authentication

有些HTTP仅允许通过代理进入，可以通过以下方法

curl --proxy-user proxyuser:proxypassword http://www.example.com

More HTTP Headers

Referer

 curl --referer http://www.example.come http://www.example.com

User Agent

设置浏览器user-agent,告诉服务器在使用某种浏览器

# To make curl look like Internet Explorer 5 on a Windows 2000 box:
curl --user-agent "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)" [URL]

# Or why not look like you're using Netscape 4.73 on an old Linux box:
curl --user-agent "Mozilla/4.73 [en] (X11; U; Linux 2.2.15 i686)" [URL]

Redirects

 curl --location http://www.example.com

Cookies

发送一些cookies的基本方法

curl --cookie "name=Daniel" http:wwww.example.com

curl --dump-header headers_and_cookies http://www.example.com

后续如有更新会在这里：http://onvno.github.io/