Additional content to further the explanation for the basic concepts of what really happens when that enter key is pressed!

[Odinaka Robert Nnamani]

DNS:
Once the webpage's DNS is acquired, the browser intelligently caches the IP address for a specific duration, harnessing the power of DNS caching to render the webpage swiftly on subsequent requests.

Firewall:
A firewall is a network security device or piece of software that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. Its primary purpose is to establish a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the Internet, to protect against unauthorized access, data breaches, malware, and other cyber threats.
Aside from HTTPS and SSL certificates, the webpage uses a firewall on the server to protect against malicious access and ensure stable connectivity and a smooth user experience.

Load-balancer:
Consider Google.com, a monumental website that magnetizes millions of users every minute. To orchestrate a seamless user experience, load balancers are strategically positioned. These load balancers deftly distribute the incoming traffic across multiple servers in the backend, ensuring that user requests are promptly met.