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LastL2 / Awesome-Last

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Awesome-Last

Awesome Last is a public and community-driven resource for blockchain & web3 development inspired by awesome. Maintained by the devs at last.net, it's the LAST developer resource you need! You are welcome to contribute to this resource - reach out for more info in the Last social channels.

Table of Contents

Introduction to Web3 Development

Developer Introduction to development and starting your Web3 developer journey:

Developer Tools

Ethereum Development Environments:

Build on Ethereum

Interactive Development Environments - Write, test, and deploy smart contracts

Build on Cosmos

Cosmos developer environments and learning resources

  • CosmWasm Academy
  • Cosmwasm Zero to Hero Learn CosmWasm so you can build Cosmos contracts
  • Cosmwasm Lectures in Korean
  • Area-52 Master CosmWasm and smart contracts in Rust. Learn how to build your own multichain applications! Similar to Cryptozombies, fun and interactive coding lessons
  • Cosmology developer tools to help you build in the Cosmos ecosystem
  • Cosmos Tutorials to learn how to build Cosmos app
  • Osmosis Educational Library great source of cosmos education materials Deep dive into Cosmos ecosystem:
  • Cosmos Hub is the first of thousands of interconnected blockchains that will eventually comprise the Cosmos Network. The primary token of the Cosmos Hub is the ATOM, but the Hub will support many tokens in the future.
  • Build applications on CosmosSDK via Ignite CLI platform to build, launch, and maintain any crypto application on a sovereign and secured blockchain. It is a developer-friendly interface to the Cosmos SDK, this CLI generates boilerplate code for you, so you can focus on writing business logic.

Become DeFi Developer

Utility Chain

The Last Utility Chain (LUC) acts as the services and accounting layer for LAST L2. The primary function is to handle bridge, messaging, and yield accounting. (coming soon)

Cosmos SDK

CosmosSDK acts as the state machine for LUC. CosmosSDK is a framework for building blockchain applications in Go programming language. Cosmos SDK is used to build Gaia, the application implementation build for the Cosmos Hub.

CometBFT

The CometBFT module is part of the Cosmos SDK stack. CometBFT is the a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) middleware that takes a state transition machine - written in any programming language - and securely replicates it on many machines. It is a fork of Tendermint Core and implements the Tendermint consensus algorithm.

BTF stands for Byzantine-Fault Tolerant CometBFT is ABCI = Application Blockchain Interface package for networking and consensus layers of blockchain.

Utility Chain Node Operators

The Last Utility Chain is a heavily modified Thorchain variant, using validator governance weighting, economic bonding, and churn models from Thorchain, but removing all swap features.

Threshold Signature Schemes, Churn Module, Node Bonding Design, Bifrost Module

TSS will be used on Last Utility Chain and is a part of the validator voting design structure. Last Utility Chain uses the Bifrost module for its twin-chain communication module.

Run a Last Node

At launch, running a Last node requires simultaneously running an active Ethereum full node, Bitcoin full node, and Cosmos full node. Guidelines:

Recommendation from Last community to run the Ethereum node:

  • Input from Brian, Co-founder @ Ansybl.io here are a few things to keep in mind:
  1. SSD choice is the most important from a hardware perspective. An NVMe drive is preferred. 2TB minimum, but the more, the better (especially now that we’ve got blobs live on the mainnet). If you're running in a cloud environment, most drives are network-attached and will most likely be your bottleneck when it comes to sync times/rpc response time.
  2. Reth is fast becoming my favorite execution client. Fast, configurable, and takes less disk space
  3. Take advantage of performance monitoring endpoints that come with nodes. It’s easy to spin up a Grafana dashboard for most clients, and it’ll make your life so much easier when debugging any issues

Staked assets

Staked assets are one of the sources of how value flows into the

Last L2

LAST L2 is the application layer built with the Arbitrum Nitro stack

EVM+ Stylus Framework

Last uses the Stylus framework by Arbitrum. They call Stylus EVM+ as everything is entirely additive and is not replacing the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). Stylus allows smart contracts to be written in languages like Rust, C, and C++, which can be more efficient than Solidity, leading to faster and cheaper smart contracts. Learn more about Stylus:

veGovernance

ve style governance design is based on Gauges and Bribes. The ve(3,3) governance design is composed of 3 parts:

  • Gauge system
  • Bribe for votes
  • Emissions that are paid out to wallets that stake assets in the gauge

The idea behind ve(3,3) governance model is that you (as user and developer) can influence the will of the voters with an incentive to direct emissions to the party providing something that you want. For example, Curve uses ve style governance to bribe liquidity in specific pools.

Introduction to DeFi

List of amazing DeFi introduction articles and videos:

Awesome DeFi Publications & Tutorials

List of amazing DeFi and Last related publications:

List of amazing L2 and scaling related blogs:

Last Channels and Links

Official Last social media channels:

About

A collection of tools, documents, articles, blog posts, interviews, videos and many others!